The chemokine receptor CCR8 is selectively expressed on activated regulatory T cells (Tregs), which are recognized as potent immunosuppressive modulators within the tumor microenvironment. Several clinical trials are currently evaluating the therapeutic benefit of selectively depleting these cells to enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).
However, the prognostic and predictive value of activated Tregs has not yet been clearly established.
In this translational study, we investigated the role of CCR8⁺ Tregs in NSCLC, taking into account the presence or absence of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) within tumors. The cohort included 48 ICI responders and 49 nonresponders.
Clinical outcomes, including progression-free survival (PFS) and objective response rate (ORR), were analyzed using Kaplan–Meier estimates, hazard ratios, and multivariable Cox regression models.